COMPANY RESEARCH
DT Midstream, Inc.
DTM · United States · Energy
INSIDER SIGNAL
Insider activity score：53.1 / 100
2 insiders · 3 purchase events · $240k net purchases
US #518 · United States #518
WHY THIS SIGNAL?
Score anatomy
Each bar shows the contribution to the current score; the weights and formula stay unchanged.
Cluster+14.0 / 35
How many distinct insiders bought in the cluster
Purchase size+11.1 / 25
Purchase value relative to company size and liquidity
Role+5.0 / 20
The seniority and relevance of participating insiders
Recency+3.0 / 10
How recently the purchases occurred
Conviction+10.0 / 10
How clearly buying stands out from other activity
What is holding the score back?
- ⚠ Buyer breadth is moderate · fewer than 4 distinct filers
- ⚠ Purchase size is modest relative to the model scale
- ⚠ Insider role contributes less on the current role scale
- ⚠ Purchase activity is becoming less recent
The role contribution follows the US model's seniority ladder.
Buying concentration
83%
Largest buyer：Pickle Elaine M · 199k USD
Gross qualified purchase transaction-line value：240k USD
The headline $ total is net buying for the screen; this module uses gross qualified purchase transaction-line values in the filing currency, so the amounts can differ. The current 15-day buyer-breadth input counts distinct buyers; value concentration is disclosed separately here.
This is a ranking under the current US screening rules—not a probability of gain, return forecast, or buy recommendation.
Key purchase quotes (filing currency)
| Filer | Price per unit | Trade date |
|---|---|---|
| Pickle Elaine M | 132.61 USD | Aug 7, 2026 |
| Jewell Jeffrey A | 133.78 USD | Aug 5, 2026 |
| Jewell Jeffrey A | 147.73 USD | May 15, 2026 |
Model details
Cluster breakdown (does not change the score)
- 15-day buyer breadth (count)
- 2 distinct reported filers
- Peak time window
- 2026-08-05 to 2026-08-07
- Current breadth input
- 0.400 (capped at 4+ buyers)
- Buyer independence
- Not yet measured; related-party fields are not cross-market comparable
What the filings show
- 🟢 Recent eligible purchase
Pickle Elaine M · 199k USD · Price 132.61 USD · Aug 7, 2026 - 🟢 PDMR purchase
Jewell Jeffrey A · 19k USD · Price 133.78 USD · Aug 5, 2026 - 🟢 PDMR purchase
Jewell Jeffrey A · 22k USD · Price 147.73 USD · May 15, 2026 - 🔴 3 other transaction line(s) are not counted as discretionary-buying evidence; 0 have zero price
Insider vs stock price
3 purchase day(s), 3 purchase line(s) in the 180-day window.
Daily close (USD)Day with an insider purchase
Markers sit on the closing price of the transaction day. They show when insiders traded, not the price they paid or received. "Since" compares that day's close with the last close shown; it is what happened at this company, not a forecast.
If you had followed the purchase
Each row starts on the first close on or after the day a purchase was made public, the earliest a reader could have acted, and ends on the last close shown above.
| Made public | Insiders | In this stock, now | In the median peer stock, now | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-15 | 1 | 837 −16.3% | 936 −6.4% | −99 −9.9 pts |
| 2026-08-05 | 1 | 932 −6.8% | 917 −8.3% | +14 +1.4 pts |
| 2026-08-10 | 1 | 924 −7.6% | 918 −8.2% | +6 +0.6 pts |
2 of 3 disclosure day(s) ended ahead of the median peer stock.
Close to close, before costs, taxes, dividends and currency moves. The peer is the median of the other stocks on the same exchange for which this site holds prices (1083 here), not an index. This is what happened, not a forecast: across all purchases on this site the typical gap is close to zero.
Insider timeline
2 insiders bought within 3 days, 5 Aug to 7 Aug: 1 CFO, 1 Board member. The share closed at 133.10 on the first of those days and at 124.01 most recently (−6.8%). That week 131 companies across United States disclosed insider purchases, an ordinary week (15 of the last 26).
Tap an item for what it means.
●A purchase: the bigger the dot, the more was bought
Each dot is one insider's purchases on one day. The dot's area follows the amount: the largest purchase here gets the largest dot. Hold the pointer over a dot to see the date and the amount.
▮Purple band: several insiders bought within 15 days
The band marks the stretch with the most different buyers: at most 15 days long and at least two people. Here it is 5 Aug – 7 Aug, with 2 insiders. Only the strongest stretch is marked. Several people deciding the same thing is harder to explain by one person's private reasons, but insiders often buy together just after a closed period ends, so compare it with the grey weekly bars.
Blue line: this share's price, −4.9% over these six months
The closing price of each day, from 130.42 on 2026-04-21 to 124.01 on 2026-10-09. The line has no scale; read it for high and low: a dot on a low stretch was bought cheaply, a dot on a high stretch was not.
Dashed line: the typical stock on the same exchange, −11.1%
Taken from the 1230 other stocks on the same exchange that this site holds prices for. Each is measured from the first day of the window, and every day the middle one is drawn. It starts where the blue line starts, so the gap between the two is the difference: this share −4.9%, the typical one −11.1%, 6.2 points ahead. It is not an index and not a comparison within one industry.
▂Grey bars: companies across United States disclosing purchases each week
A taller bar is a week in which more companies disclosed insider purchases. The purple bar is the week of the band above: 131 companies, number 15 of the last 26 weeks. If that week was a peak anyway, buying together is less special than it looks.
This company: insiders buying per month, last 12 months
Nov
Dec
Jan
1Feb
Mar
Apr
1May
Jun
Jul
2Aug
Sep
Oct
Darker bars are inside the 180-day window above.
Who traded
| Insider | Role | Purchases | Sales | Bought | First purchase | Share price since |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jewell Jeffrey A | CFO | 2 | — | 41.6k USD | 2026-05-15 | −16.3% |
| Pickle Elaine M | Board member | 1 | — | 198.9k USD | 2026-08-07 | −5.7% |
Why this score? · Model details
Priority = 100 × Σ(fixed weight × 0–1 rule-based input)
| Factor | Weight | This company input | Point contribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15-day buyer breadth (count) | 35% | 0.400 | 14.0 |
| Qualified-buy size | 25% | 0.444 | 11.1 |
| Role informativeness (inverted) | 20% | 0.750 | 15.0 |
| Recency | 10% | 0.301 | 3.0 |
| Buy/sell conviction | 10% | 1.000 | 10.0 |
This is a heuristic ordering under the current rules, not a calibrated return forecast. It explains why candidates rank differently; the public-filing evidence and data limits are shown below.
BULL VS BEAR
Two readings of this buying
The same filings, read two ways. Each line is a fact stored for this company with the number behind it, and appears only when that number crosses a fixed threshold. Neither side is a forecast and no winner is declared.
Where the evidence comes from
- The insider purchases themselvesBearvalue concentrated in one buyer8 checked, under the threshold · 1 missing
- Share price and trading2 checked, under the threshold
- Short sellers2 checked, under the threshold
- Company results2 missing
- Company actionsno data held
Bull case · the buying is informative
Nothing held here goes beyond the fact that an insider bought.
Bear case · discount it
- Pickle Elaine M accounts for 83% of the value bought. The other 1 buyer adds names more than money.
Evidence still missing
- No buyer here has 5 or more completed earlier purchases on record, so there is no track record to weigh.
- The company's market value is not captured, so the purchases cannot be stated as a share of the business or of its trading volume.
- No earnings, margin or cash-flow figures are captured for this company. The latest annual and interim reports are where to check whether the business is improving or deteriorating.
Checked and under the threshold: 12, 3 close to it
- BullAt most 2 insiders bought within any 15 days. Counted for the bull side from 3. close to the threshold
- EitherThe latest purchase is 72 days old. Bull up to 14 days, bear from 90. close to the threshold
- BearOver three months the share price changed −15% and the median of 40 Energy companies changed +1.3%: behind by 16 points. Counted for the bear side from 20 points behind. close to the threshold
- Either2 insiders bought in the last 180 days and 1 in the 180 days before. Bull when the number at least doubles and rises by two; bear when at least two bought before and no more buy now.
- EitherNet purchases of $240k in 180 days. Bull from $1.0M, bear when all purchases total under $25k.
- BearNo insider sale is recorded in the same 180 days.
- BearThe share price changed −8.6% over six months (three months −15%, one month −4.2%) and stands 19% below its 52-week high. Counted for the bear side from a fall of 20%.
- BearNone of the 3 purchase filings ticks Form 4's 10b5-1 box.
- BearOver the last 5 trading days to 2026-10-16, 73% of this stock's off-exchange volume was sold short; over the 60 days before, 62%. The market's median is 50%. This is trading volume, not a position: a market maker who sells short and covers the same day is counted, so about half of all volume is short on an ordinary day. It is shown for comparison and counts for neither side.
- Bull3 of 3 purchase filings state the shares held before and after. The largest addition to an existing holding took it from 4,308 to 5,808 shares (+35%). Counted for the bull side from +100%, for the bear side below +1%.
- BearNo insider filing in the last 180 days opened a hedge on this stock.
- BearFINRA short interest on 2026-09-30 equals 6.8 days of average trading volume and 6.4% of the 102,015,296 shares outstanding, up 14% from the previous report. Counted for the bear side from 10 days, or from 10% of the shares outstanding.
Both columns arrange stored facts only. They do not change the insider score or the ranking and are not investment advice.
Signal history
53.1 / 100
Latest recorded score
↓ -5.5 ptssince the first recorded snapshot on 2026-10-09; 9 calendar days observed
- Recorded snapshots
- 7
- First snapshot
- 2026-10-09
There is not yet a 30-calendar-day comparison; earlier scores are not reconstructed. These are raw signal scores saved when each full scoring run completed. They describe changes in research ranking, not price performance or returns.
Why did it change?
Less than 30 days of comparable history is available, so factor movement is not yet decomposed.
Signal score history
Fixed 0–100 scale; dates are spaced by calendar time.
Recent recorded points
- 58.6
- 53.5
- 53.5
- 53.4
- 53.1
View all recorded scores
| Snapshot date | Signal score |
|---|---|
| 2026-10-09 | 58.6 |
| 2026-10-12 | 53.6 |
| 2026-10-13 | 53.5 |
| 2026-10-14 | 53.5 |
| 2026-10-15 | 53.4 |
| 2026-10-16 | 53.3 |
| 2026-10-18 | 53.1 |
Sector context
- Buying breadth
- 6.5% (12 / 186 issuers)
- Sector rank
- #4 / 13
This is sector-level research context. It does not affect the Insider Signal or ranking.
Insider profile outcomes
Historical performance following insider filings. The company role is translated below each name while preserving the original title.
- Excess return = stock return − S&P 500 ETF (SPY adjusted close) return over the same period.
- Hit rate = completed events with positive excess return ÷ total completed events.
- Price coverage = valid point-in-time prices ÷ events mature enough for that period.
- Returns start on the first shared trading session on or after publication.
- Small-sample rule: n<5 is shown for transparency and is not scored.
Events are disclosure-level observations; related disclosures published on the same date may share a return path and may not be statistically independent. This research enrichment does not affect the insider score or ranking.
Signal outcomes
Calculated from immutable US ranking snapshots; excess return is stock return minus SPY return. Newly saved snapshots remain pending until each forward horizon matures. This never affects the US score.
| Horizon | Status | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 5D | Awaiting maturity | — |
| 20D | Awaiting maturity | — |
| 60D | Awaiting maturity | — |
| 120D | Awaiting maturity | — |
Market context
PRICE PERFORMANCE
VOLATILITY & LIQUIDITY
- Volatility
- 26.4%
- Beta
- —
- Avg daily volume
- $114.4M
VALUATION
- Market cap
- —
- P/E
- —
FUNDAMENTALS
- Profit margin
- —
- ROE
- —
- Industry
- —
Prices to 11 Oct 2026: OpenBB/yfinance; volume from price cache (yfinance). It does not affect the insider score or rank.
Insiders' buying price vs the latest close
The latest close in the price history is more than a week old.
Buying size vs market trading
Complete price and volume history is not yet available.
Market-data coverage: 0 verified sessions · Latest session: — · Ratio status: Unavailable
Traded value is estimated as close × shares traded, in major currency units. Includes disclosed qualifying purchases; disclosures may lag. Contractual or planned acquisitions are not necessarily discretionary. Ratios describe relative trading size, not market participation or score contributions.
Regulatory filings
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-08-10 · trade date 2026-08-07
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-08-05 · trade date 2026-08-05
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-05-15 · trade date 2026-05-15
Unfold all 20 filings
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-08-10 · trade date 2026-08-07
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-08-05 · trade date 2026-08-05
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-05-15 · trade date 2026-05-15
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-05-07 · trade date 2026-05-06
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-05-06 · trade date 2026-05-04
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-09 · trade date 2026-03-05
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-27 · trade date 2026-02-26
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-25 · trade date 2026-02-25
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-19 · trade date 2026-02-17
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-19 · trade date 2026-02-17
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-19 · trade date 2026-02-17
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-19 · trade date 2026-02-17
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-19 · trade date 2026-02-17
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-19 · trade date 2026-02-17
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-03 · trade date 2026-02-01
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-03 · trade date 2026-02-01
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-03 · trade date 2026-02-01
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-03 · trade date 2026-02-01
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-03 · trade date 2026-02-01
- Insider filing announcement · published 2026-02-03 · trade date 2026-02-01
Results and insider purchases
| Results (8-K) | Bought within 5 sessions | Bought within 20 sessions | Buyers, 20 sessions before |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-3006:45 ET · before the open | 1 · $19.4KJewell Jeffrey A | 2 · $218.3KPickle Elaine M; Jewell Jeffrey A | 0 |
| 2026-04-3006:54 ET · before the open | None | 1 · $22.2KJewell Jeffrey A | 0 |
| 2026-02-1906:55 ET · before the open | 1 · $25.2KJewell Jeffrey A | 1 · $25.2KJewell Jeffrey A | 0 |
| 2025-10-3006:45 ET · before the open | None | None | 0 |
Results dates are the company's 8-K filings to the SEC under Item 2.02 (results of operations); one filed after the close counts from the next session. Purchases are open-market buys reported on Form 4 (code P), by trade date; a Form 4 can arrive two business days after the trade, so the latest days can still fill in. Facts only; this does not change the score or rank.
Ownership and trading-plan context
| Direct / indirect ownership | Unavailable |
|---|---|
| 10b5-1 filing evidence | Unavailable |
| Evidence retrieved | Unavailable |
These are accession-level filing fields. Unavailable means the evidence was not fetched or parsed; it is never inferred as “No” and does not adjust the US score.
Filing evidence
These are underlying national-feed records from the 365-day window ending on the saved ranking snapshot. The score uses only the latest 180 days; older qualifying equity purchases remain visible for audit but do not enter the current score. The original filer, role, transaction classification, instrument, price, volume, value and source fields are retained. The first three rows are shown; remaining records can be unfolded for audit. Other transaction types are retained but excluded from the score.
Excluded transactions & classification
4 qualifying purchase disclosure(s) · 4 transaction line(s)
Feb 25, 2026Open market purchase
Jewell Jeffrey A · Executive V.P., CFO
Common Stock · 185.0 shares × 136.33 USD · 25221.050000000003 USD
Open filingMay 15, 2026Open market purchase
Jewell Jeffrey A · Executive V.P., CFO
Common Stock · 150.0 shares × 147.73 USD · 22159.5 USD
Open filingAug 7, 2026Open market purchase
Pickle Elaine M · Director
Common Stock · 1500.0 shares × 132.61 USD · 198915.00000000003 USD
Open filingUnfold all 1 remaining filing row(s)
| Transaction date | Published | Filer | Role | Transaction | Instrument | Price (local currency) | Quote currency | Volume | Reported value (local currency) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-08-05 | 2026-08-05 | Jewell Jeffrey A | Executive V.P., CFO | Open market purchase | Common Stock | 133.78 USD | USD | 145.0 | 19398.1 USD | Open filing |
Showing 4 of 4 matching raw-feed row(s) from the current 365-day research window. Prices and reported values remain in the filing currency and its major unit (for example, UK pence are parsed as GBP). The screen-level $ aggregate is separately FX-normalised for research ranking, not a trade-date conversion.
Other disclosed transactions · excluded from score
View 30 other transaction(s)
Mar 5, 2026Shares withheld for tax or exercise price
Finland Joseph Peter · Chief Accounting Officer
Common Stock · 412.0 shares × 141.77 USD · 58409.240000000005 USD
Open filingMar 5, 2026Exercise of derivative security
Finland Joseph Peter · Chief Accounting Officer
Common Stock · 1033.0 shares × — · 0.0 USD
Open filingFeb 26, 2026Open market sale
Tumminello Peter I · Director
Common Stock · 2002.0 shares × 135.79 USD · 271851.57999999996 USD
Open filingUnfold all 27 remaining filing row(s)
| Transaction date | Published | Filer | Role | Transaction | Instrument | Price (local currency) | Quote currency | Volume | Reported value (local currency) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Jewell Jeffrey A | Executive V.P., CFO | Grant or award | Common Stock | 0.0 USD | USD | 35628.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Jewell Jeffrey A | Executive V.P., CFO | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 132.65 USD | USD | 15919.0 | 2111655.35 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Cox Melissa | E.V.P., Chief Admin. Off. | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 132.65 USD | USD | 5240.0 | 695086.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Cox Melissa | E.V.P., Chief Admin. Off. | Grant or award | Common Stock | 0.0 USD | USD | 11019.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Slater David | Exec. Chair and CEO | Grant or award | Common Stock | 0.0 USD | USD | 135165.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Slater David | Exec. Chair and CEO | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 132.65 USD | USD | 63190.0 | 8382153.5 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Finland Joseph Peter | Chief Accounting Officer | Grant or award | Common Stock | 0.0 USD | USD | 1500.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Finland Joseph Peter | Chief Accounting Officer | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 132.65 USD | USD | 640.0 | 84896.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Zona Christopher | President and Chief Oper. Off. | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 132.65 USD | USD | 16814.0 | 2230377.1 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Zona Christopher | President and Chief Oper. Off. | Grant or award | Common Stock | 0.0 USD | USD | 36731.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Ellis Wendy | E.V.P., Gen Counsel & Corp Sec | Grant or award | Common Stock | 0.0 USD | USD | 21597.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-17 | 2026-02-19 | Ellis Wendy | E.V.P., Gen Counsel & Corp Sec | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 132.65 USD | USD | 10324.0 | 1369478.6 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Slater David | Exec. Chair and CEO | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 28964.57 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Slater David | Exec. Chair and CEO | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 126.02 USD | USD | 12382.0 | 1560379.64 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Finland Joseph Peter | Chief Accounting Officer | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 126.02 USD | USD | 145.0 | 18272.899999999998 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Finland Joseph Peter | Chief Accounting Officer | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 321.45 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Jewell Jeffrey A | Executive V.P., CFO | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 126.02 USD | USD | 2326.0 | 293122.52 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Jewell Jeffrey A | Executive V.P., CFO | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 7634.78 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Ellis Wendy | E.V.P., Gen Counsel & Corp Sec | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 126.02 USD | USD | 2267.0 | 285687.33999999997 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Ellis Wendy | E.V.P., Gen Counsel & Corp Sec | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 4628.92 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Cox Melissa | E.V.P., Chief Admin. Off. | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 2361.83 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Cox Melissa | E.V.P., Chief Admin. Off. | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 126.02 USD | USD | 1179.0 | 148577.58 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Zona Christopher | President and Chief Oper. Off. | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 7871.64 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-02-01 | 2026-02-03 | Zona Christopher | President and Chief Oper. Off. | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 126.02 USD | USD | 2808.0 | 353864.16 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-05-06 | 2026-05-07 | Archon Angela N | Director | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 1178.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-05-04 | 2026-05-06 | Jewell Jeffrey A | Executive V.P., CFO | Exercise of derivative security | Common Stock | — | USD | 16109.0 | 0.0 USD | Open filing |
| 2026-05-04 | 2026-05-06 | Jewell Jeffrey A | Executive V.P., CFO | Shares withheld for tax or exercise price | Common Stock | 138.7 USD | USD | 16109.0 | 2234318.3 USD | Open filing |
Showing 30 of 30 matching raw-feed row(s) from the current 365-day research window. Prices and reported values remain in the filing currency and its major unit (for example, UK pence are parsed as GBP). The screen-level $ aggregate is separately FX-normalised for research ranking, not a trade-date conversion.
Snapshot & identity
- Snapshot date
- 2026-10-18
- Ticker
- DTM
- ISIN
- —
- Sector
- Energy
- Industry
- —
Company logos by Parqet
How to read Form 4 transaction codes
| Code | Interpretation | Screen treatment |
|---|---|---|
| P | Open-market / private purchase | Buy evidence when the security is qualifying equity |
| S | Sale | Sell evidence when the security is qualifying equity |
| A | Grant / award | Context only |
| F | Tax-related withholding | Context only |
| M | Option exercise | Context only |
| G | Gift | Context only |
| J / L | Other / non-directional | Context only |
P/S rows for options, warrants, compensation units and debt remain visible for audit but are excluded from equity scores and quotes.