Snapshot date: 2026-10-18 · Built: 2026-10-19T15:17:21+00:00 · Publication status: PASS

COMPANY RESEARCH

AF Gruppen ASA

AFG.OL · Norway · Industrials · Engineering & Construction

INSIDER SIGNAL

Insider activity score：50.8 / 100

3 insiders · 6 purchase events · €4.96m net purchases

Europe #614 · Norway #25

WHY THIS SIGNAL?

Score anatomy

Each bar shows the contribution to the current score; the weights and formula stay unchanged.

Cluster+10.5 / 35

How many distinct insiders bought in the cluster

Purchase size+25.0 / 25

Purchase value relative to company size and liquidity

Role+20.0 / 20

The seniority and relevance of participating insiders

Recency+5.4 / 10

How recently the purchases occurred

Conviction+10.0 / 10

How clearly buying stands out from other activity

What is holding the score back?

⚠ Buyer breadth is moderate · fewer than 4 distinct filers
⚠ Purchase activity is becoming less recent
✓ Strong insider role · ceo/chair involved

The role contribution uses the inverted role input of the current European model.

BUYING PROFILE

4 events · 3 insiders · 180d

Cluster 0%Repeat 50%Independent 50%Large 0%

Percentages are mutually exclusive and sum to 100%.

Buying concentration

The filings do not name the buyer, so who bought how much cannot be worked out.

This is a ranking under the current European screening rules—not a probability of gain, return forecast, or buy recommendation.

Key purchase quotes (filing currency)

Filer	Price per unit	Trade date
Amund Tøftum	150.26 NOK	Oct 8, 2026
Kristian Holth	190.153 NOK	Jun 24, 2026
—	190.1529 NOK	Jun 24, 2026

Model details

Cluster breakdown (does not change the score)

15-day buyer breadth (count): 1 distinct reported filers
Peak time window: 2026-05-19 to 2026-05-19
Current breadth input: 0.300 (capped at 4+ buyers)
Buyer independence: Not yet measured; related-party fields are not cross-market comparable

What the filings show

🟢 Recent eligible purchase
Amund Tøftum · 275k NOK · Price 150.26 NOK · Oct 8, 2026
🟢 Eligible purchase
Kristian Holth · 19.02m NOK · Price 190.153 NOK · Jun 24, 2026
🟢 Large eligible purchase
— · 19.02m NOK · Price 190.1529 NOK · Jun 24, 2026
🟡 3 remaining qualified transaction line(s) across 3 disclosure(s)

Insider vs stock price

4 purchase day(s), 6 purchase line(s) in the 180-day window.

Daily close (NOK)Day with an insider purchase

Markers sit on the closing price of the transaction day. They show when insiders traded, not the price they paid or received. "Since" compares that day's close with the last close shown; it is what happened at this company, not a forecast.

If you had followed the purchase

Each row starts on the first close on or after the day a purchase was made public, the earliest a reader could have acted, and ends on the last close shown above.

Amount put in (NOK)

Made public	Insiders	In this stock, now	In the median peer stock, now	Difference
2026-05-19	1	1,022 +2.2%	961 −3.9%	+61 +6.1 pts
2026-06-04	1	1,033 +3.3%	995 −0.5%	+39 +3.9 pts
2026-06-24	1	975 −2.5%	1,008 +0.8%	−33 −3.3 pts
2026-10-08	1	1,003 +0.3%	1,004 +0.4%	0 −0.0 pts

2 of 4 disclosure day(s) ended ahead of the median peer stock.

Close to close, before costs, taxes, dividends and currency moves. The peer is the median of the other stocks on the same exchange for which this site holds prices (92 here), not an index. This is what happened, not a forecast: across all purchases on this site the typical gap is close to zero.

Insider timeline

2 insiders bought on the same day, 4 Jun: 1 Board member, 1 Role not classified. 2 of them bought again later. 1 more bought afterwards. The share closed at 180.00 that day and at 186.00 most recently (+3.3%). That week 243 companies across Europe disclosed insider purchases, more than in 92% of the last 26 weeks: insiders often buy together when a closed period ends, so the timing alone says less than it seems.

Tap an item for what it means.

●A purchase: the bigger the dot, the more was bought

Each dot is one insider's purchases on one day. The dot's area follows the amount: the largest purchase here gets the largest dot. Hold the pointer over a dot to see the date and the amount.

▮Purple band: several insiders bought within 15 days

The band marks the stretch with the most different buyers: at most 15 days long and at least two people. Here it is 4 Jun, with 2 insiders. Only the strongest stretch is marked. Several people deciding the same thing is harder to explain by one person's private reasons, but insiders often buy together just after a closed period ends, so compare it with the grey weekly bars.

Blue line: this share's price, +7.1% over these six months

The closing price of each day, from 173.60 on 2026-04-21 to 186.00 on 2026-10-09. The line has no scale; read it for high and low: a dot on a low stretch was bought cheaply, a dot on a high stretch was not.

Dashed line: the typical stock on the same exchange, −7.9%

Taken from the 100 other stocks on the same exchange that this site holds prices for. Each is measured from the first day of the window, and every day the middle one is drawn. It starts where the blue line starts, so the gap between the two is the difference: this share +7.1%, the typical one −7.9%, 15.0 points ahead. It is not an index and not a comparison within one industry.

▂Grey bars: companies across Europe disclosing purchases each week

A taller bar is a week in which more companies disclosed insider purchases. The purple bar is the week of the band above: 243 companies, number 2 of the last 26 weeks. If that week was a peak anyway, buying together is less special than it looks.

This company: insiders buying per month, last 12 months

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

3Mar

Apr

1May

1Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

1Oct

Darker bars are inside the 180-day window above.

Who traded

Insider	Role	Purchases	Sales	Bought	First purchase	Share price since	Earlier purchases
Anny Øen	CFO	1	—	24.8k NOK	2026-05-19	+2.2%	fewer than 5 completed
Amund Tøftum	CEO / chair	1	—	275.1k NOK	2026-10-08	+0.3%	fewer than 5 completed
Kristian Holth	Board member	2	—	32.8M NOK	2026-06-04	+3.3%	fewer than 5 completed
Unknown insider	Role not classified	2	—	32.8M NOK	2026-06-04	+3.3%	fewer than 5 completed

Why this score? · Model details

Priority = 100 × Σ(fixed weight × 0–1 rule-based input)

Factor	Weight	This company input	Point contribution
15-day buyer breadth (count)	35%	0.300	10.5
Qualified-buy size	25%	0.999	25.0
Role informativeness (inverted)	20%	0.000	0.0
Recency	10%	0.536	5.4
Buy/sell conviction	10%	1.000	10.0

This is a heuristic ordering under the current rules, not a calibrated return forecast. It explains why candidates rank differently; the public-filing evidence and data limits are shown below.

BULL VS BEAR

Two readings of this buying

The same filings, read two ways. Each line is a fact stored for this company with the number behind it, and appears only when that number crosses a fixed threshold. Neither side is a forecast and no winner is declared.

Since 2026-10-13: new on the bull side: large purchases; no longer on the bear side: small purchases. All bull and bear lists, and what followed each line in the past →

Where the evidence comes from

Independent evidence does not object: the purchases themselves carry bull lines (large purchases, senior executive buying, bought in the last two weeks); share price and trading, short sellers, company results were checked and none crosses a bear threshold. No data is held for: company actions.

The insider purchases themselvesBulllarge purchases, senior executive buying, bought in the last two weeks Bearvalue concentrated in one buyer, usual level for this company3 checked, under the threshold · 3 missing
Share price and trading2 checked, under the threshold
Short sellers1 checked, under the threshold
Company results1 checked, under the threshold · 1 missing
Company actionsno data held

Bull case · the buying is informative

Net purchases of €5.0M equal 0.25% of the company's market value (€2.0bn): large for the size of the business.
The buyers include the CEO or chair, who sees more of the business than most filers. This site's score gives little or no credit for that: in its backtests purchases by senior executives did no better than other insiders' purchases.Record: after 8,797 earlier disclosures like this, the median 60-session excess return was −3.1%, within 1 percentage point of all comparable disclosures (−3.2%).
The latest purchase is 9 days old (2026-10-08). The buying is current, not left over from an earlier quarter.

Bear case · discount it

Kristian Holth accounts for 99% of the value bought. The other 2 buyers add names more than money.Record: after 3,396 earlier disclosures like this, the median 60-session excess return was −3.4%, within 1 percentage point of all comparable disclosures (−3.5%).
Buying at this level is normal here: 3 insiders bought in the previous 180 days and 3 in this one.Record: after 2,869 earlier disclosures like this, the median 60-session excess return was −2.6%, within 1 percentage point of all comparable disclosures (−2.7%).

Evidence still missing

No buyer here has 5 or more completed earlier purchases on record, so there is no track record to weigh.
Only one reading of profitability is held (profit margin 3.6%). Whether earnings and cash flow are rising or falling needs the last two reports side by side.
European notifications have no field saying whether a purchase was pre-arranged; there is no counterpart to the US 10b5-1 box. None of the 6 purchase lines mentions a plan, but a bare “Kjøp” does not rule one out.
The filings give the size of each trade, not what the buyer already held. Whether a purchase added 1% to a personal stake or doubled it is not known.

Checked and under the threshold: 7

BullAt most 1 insider bought within any 15 days. Counted for the bull side from 3.
Bear0 of 3 buyers filed as a person closely associated with a manager. Counted for the bear side from half.
BearNo insider sale is recorded in the same 180 days.
BearThe share price changed +5.4% over six months (three months −4.5%, one month +0.11%) and stands 8.8% below its 52-week high. Counted for the bear side from a fall of 20%.
BearOver three months the share price changed −4.5% and the median of 462 Industrials companies changed −0.32%: behind by 4 points. Counted for the bear side from 20 points behind.
BearThe register of Finanstilsynet shows no published net short position in this company. Positions under 0.5% are never published, so this does not show that nobody is short.
BearProfit margin on the latest captured figures is 3.6%. Counted for the bear side when negative.

Both columns arrange stored facts only. They do not change the insider score or the ranking and are not investment advice.

Signal history

50.8 / 100

Latest recorded score

↑ +3.3 ptsversus the comparable snapshot on 2026-09-14 (34 calendar days apart)

Recorded snapshots: 35
First snapshot: 2026-08-26

Only scores captured when the scoring run completed are compared. These are raw signal scores saved when each full scoring run completed. They describe changes in research ranking, not price performance or returns.

Why did it change?

Decomposition across the five score factors between comparable snapshots; historical scores are not recalculated.

Role+2.0 pts
Recency+5.3 pts

Signal score history

Fixed 0–100 scale; dates are spaced by calendar time.

Recent recorded points

Aug 26, 202663.4
Sep 7, 202647.5
Sep 28, 202647.5
Oct 7, 202647.5
Oct 18, 202650.8

View all recorded scores

Snapshot date	Signal score
2026-08-26	63.4
2026-08-27	63.4
2026-08-28	63.2
2026-08-31	47.5
2026-09-01	47.5
2026-09-02	47.5
2026-09-03	47.5
2026-09-04	47.5
2026-09-07	47.5
2026-09-08	47.5
2026-09-09	47.5
2026-09-10	47.5
2026-09-11	47.5
2026-09-14	47.5
2026-09-23	47.5
2026-09-24	47.5
2026-09-25	47.5
2026-09-28	47.5
2026-09-29	47.5
2026-09-30	47.5
2026-10-01	47.5
2026-10-02	47.5
2026-10-03	47.5
2026-10-04	47.5
2026-10-05	47.5
2026-10-06	47.5
2026-10-07	47.5
2026-10-08	55.5
2026-10-09	54.8
2026-10-12	53.1
2026-10-13	52.6
2026-10-14	52.1
2026-10-15	51.6
2026-10-16	51.2
2026-10-18	50.8

Sector context

Industrials

Buying breadth: 7.5% (79 / 1,047 issuers)
Sector rank: #8 / 12
7D breadth change: -0.3 pp · vs 2026-10-12 (6d)
30D breadth change: History building

This is sector-level research context. It does not affect the Insider Signal or ranking.

View Europe sector research →

Insider profile outcomes

Historical performance following insider filings. The company role is translated below each name while preserving the original title.

Excess return = stock return − Oslo Bors Benchmark return over the same period.
Hit rate = completed events with positive excess return ÷ total completed events.
Price coverage = valid point-in-time prices ÷ events mature enough for that period.
Returns start on the first shared trading session on or after publication.
Small-sample rule: n<5 is shown for transparency and is not scored.

Events are disclosure-level observations; related disclosures published on the same date may share a return path and may not be statistically independent. This research enrichment does not affect the insider score or ranking.

Kristian Holthboard member | styremedlem3 completed 20D event(s)

Period	Completed events	Price coverage	Hit rate	Median excess return	Average excess return	Worst excess return
5D	3Small sample	100.0% (3/3)	66.7% (2/3)	+2.1%	+0.9%	-2.4%
20D	3Small sample	100.0% (3/3)	33.3% (1/3)	-2.4%	-2.3%	-17.3%
60D	3Small sample	100.0% (3/3)	33.3% (1/3)	-6.0%	-4.4%	-11.3%
120D	1Small sample	100.0% (1/1)	0.0% (0/1)	-1.3%	-1.3%	-1.3%

First purchase in 12M

1/3

Large purchase ≥ €100k

3/3

Cluster buying · 15D

1/3

Buying the dip · ≥20% below prior 52W high

0/3

Routine / opportunistic

Not classifiable

Marianne Gjertsen Ebbesenboard member | styremedlem2 completed 20D event(s)

Period	Completed events	Price coverage	Hit rate	Median excess return	Average excess return	Worst excess return
5D	2Small sample	100.0% (2/2)	0.0% (0/2)	-2.4%	-2.4%	-2.4%
20D	2Small sample	100.0% (2/2)	0.0% (0/2)	-17.3%	-17.3%	-17.3%
60D	2Small sample	100.0% (2/2)	0.0% (0/2)	-6.0%	-6.0%	-6.0%
120D	2Small sample	100.0% (2/2)	0.0% (0/2)	-1.3%	-1.3%	-1.3%

First purchase in 12M

2/2

Large purchase ≥ €100k

1/1

Cluster buying · 15D

2/2

Buying the dip · ≥20% below prior 52W high

0/2

Routine / opportunistic

Not classifiable

Amund TøfumCEO1 completed 20D event(s)

Period	Completed events	Price coverage	Hit rate	Median excess return	Average excess return	Worst excess return
5D	1Small sample	100.0% (1/1)	0.0% (0/1)	-4.3%	-4.3%	-4.3%
20D	1Small sample	100.0% (1/1)	0.0% (0/1)	-17.4%	-17.4%	-17.4%
60D	1Small sample	100.0% (1/1)	0.0% (0/1)	-5.3%	-5.3%	-5.3%
120D	1Small sample	100.0% (1/1)	0.0% (0/1)	-2.9%	-2.9%	-2.9%

First purchase in 12M

1/1

Large purchase ≥ €100k

Not classifiable

Cluster buying · 15D

0/1

Buying the dip · ≥20% below prior 52W high

0/1

Routine / opportunistic

Not classifiable

Market context

PRICE PERFORMANCE

+0.1%

-4.5%

+5.4%

12M

+9.3%

VOLATILITY & LIQUIDITY

Volatility: 22.4%
Beta: 0.57
Avg daily volume: NOK 6.5M

VALUATION

Market cap: NOK 21.4B
P/E: 17.2×

FUNDAMENTALS

Profit margin: 3.6%
ROE: 39.9%
Industry: Engineering & Construction

Prices to 12 Oct 2026: OpenBB/yfinance; volume from price cache (yfinance). From OpenBB/yfinance, captured 18 Oct 2026: Market cap, P/E, Profit margin, ROE, Beta, Industry. It does not affect the insider score or rank.

Disclosed net short positions

The Finanstilsynet register, read 18 Oct 2026, publishes no net short position of 0.5% or more in this issuer. Positions below 0.5% are never published, so this is not evidence that nobody is short.

Short-position disclosures are external context; they do not affect the insider score, ranking, or filing eligibility.

Insiders' buying price vs the latest close

The latest close in the price history is more than a week old.

Buying size vs market trading

Market history is too old for this snapshot; ratios are withheld.

Market-data coverage: 501 verified sessions · Latest session: 2026-10-09 · Ratio status: Unavailable

Traded value is estimated as close × shares traded, in major currency units. Includes disclosed qualifying purchases; disclosures may lag. Contractual or planned acquisitions are not necessarily discretionary. Ratios describe relative trading size, not market participation or score contributions.

Latest news

No news has been captured for this company.

Regulatory filings

Insider filing announcement · published 2026-10-08 · trade date 2026-10-08
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-06-24 · trade date 2026-06-24
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-06-24 · trade date 2026-06-24

Unfold all 13 filings

Insider filing announcement · published 2026-10-08 · trade date 2026-10-08
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-06-24 · trade date 2026-06-24
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-06-24 · trade date 2026-06-24
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-06-04 · trade date 2026-06-04
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-06-04 · trade date 2026-06-04
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-05-19 · trade date 2026-05-19
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-18 · trade date 2026-03-18
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-03 · trade date 2026-03-03
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-03 · trade date 2026-03-03
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-03 · trade date 2026-03-03
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-03 · trade date 2026-03-03
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-02 · trade date 2026-03-02
Insider filing announcement · published 2026-03-02 · trade date 2026-03-02

Filing evidence

These are underlying national-feed records from the 365-day window ending on the saved ranking snapshot. The score uses only the latest 180 days; older qualifying equity purchases remain visible for audit but do not enter the current score. The original filer, role, transaction classification, instrument, price, volume, value and source fields are retained. The first three rows are shown; remaining records can be unfolded for audit. Other transaction types are retained but excluded from the score.

Excluded transactions & classification

11 qualifying purchase disclosure(s) · 11 transaction line(s)

Oct 8, 2026Kjøp

Amund Tøftum · Konsernsjef

Aksje · 1831 shares × 150.26 NOK · 275126.06 NOK

Open filing

Jun 24, 2026Kjøp

Kristian Holth · board member

Aksje · 100000 shares × 190.153 NOK · —

Open filing

Jun 24, 2026Kjøp

— · —

Aksje · 100000 shares × 190.1529 NOK · 19015290 NOK

Open filing

Unfold all 8 remaining filing row(s)

Transaction date	Published	Filer	Role	Transaction	Instrument	Price (local currency)	Quote currency	Volume	Reported value (local currency)	Source
2026-06-04	2026-06-04	—	—	Kjøp	Aksje	180.8521 NOK	NOK	76355	13808962.0955 NOK	Open filing
2026-06-04	2026-06-04	Kristian Holth	board member	Kjøp	Aksje	180.852 NOK	NOK	76355	—	Open filing
2026-05-19	2026-05-19	Anny Øen	primary insider and CFO	Kjøp	Aksje	182 NOK	NOK	136	—	Open filing
2026-03-18	2026-03-18	—	—	Kjøp	Aksje	—	NOK	212697	—	Open filing
2026-03-03	2026-03-03	Kristian Holth	styremedlem	Kjøp	Aksje	186.74 NOK	NOK	146755	—	Open filing
2026-03-03	2026-03-03	Marianne Gjertsen Ebbesen	board member	Kjøp	Aksje	—	NOK	167053	—	Open filing
2026-03-03	2026-03-03	Marianne Gjertsen Ebbesen	styremedlem	Kjøp	Aksje	186.744 NOK	NOK	167053	—	Open filing
2026-03-02	2026-03-02	Amund Tøfum	CEO	Kjøp	Aksje	—	NOK	11000	—	Open filing

Showing 11 of 11 matching raw-feed row(s) from the current 365-day research window. Prices and reported values remain in the filing currency and its major unit (for example, UK pence are parsed as GBP). The screen-level € aggregate is separately FX-normalised for research ranking, not a trade-date conversion.

Other disclosed transactions · excluded from score

View 2 other transaction(s)

Mar 3, 2026Salg

— · —

Aksje · 120199 shares × 186.744 NOK · —

Open filing

Mar 2, 2026Salg

Amund Tøfum · konsernsjef

Aksje · 46836 shares × — · —

Open filing

Showing 2 of 2 matching raw-feed row(s) from the current 365-day research window. Prices and reported values remain in the filing currency and its major unit (for example, UK pence are parsed as GBP). The screen-level € aggregate is separately FX-normalised for research ranking, not a trade-date conversion.

Snapshot & identity

Snapshot date: 2026-10-18
Ticker: AFG.OL
ISIN: NO0003078107
Sector: Industrials
Industry: Engineering & Construction

Company logos by Parqet

AF Gruppen ASA

WHY THIS SIGNAL?

Score anatomy

What is holding the score back?

BUYING PROFILE

Buying concentration

Key purchase quotes (filing currency)

Cluster breakdown (does not change the score)

What the filings show

Insider vs stock price

If you had followed the purchase

Insider timeline

This company: insiders buying per month, last 12 months

Who traded

Two readings of this buying

Where the evidence comes from

Bull case · the buying is informative

Bear case · discount it

Evidence still missing

Signal score history

Recent recorded points

Sector context

Insider profile outcomes

Market context

PRICE PERFORMANCE

VOLATILITY & LIQUIDITY

VALUATION

FUNDAMENTALS

Disclosed net short positions

Insiders' buying price vs the latest close

Buying size vs market trading

Latest news

Regulatory filings

Filing evidence

Other disclosed transactions · excluded from score

Snapshot & identity

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